select a counterexample for the given invalid argument.
-1. (∃x)(Hx • Ix)
2) (∃x)(Hx • ∼Ix)
3) (∀x)(Jx ⊃ Ix) / (∀x)(Jx ⊃ Hx)
A) Counterexample in a domain of 3 members, in which: Ha: True Ia: True Ja: True
Hb: True Ib: False Jb: False
Hc: False Ic: True Jc: True
B) Counterexample in a domain of 3 members, in which: Ha: False Ia: True Ja: True
Hb: True Ib: True Jb: False
Hc: False Ic: True Jc: False
C) Counterexample in a domain of 3 members, in which: Ha: True Ia: True Ja: True
Hb: True Ib: False Jb: False
Hc: True Ic: True Jc: True
D) Counterexample in a domain of 3 members, in which: Ha: False Ia: True Ja: False
Hb: True Ib: False Jb: True
Hc: False Ic: True Jc: True
E) Counterexample in a domain of 3 members, in which: Ha: True Ia: False Ja: True
Hb: False Ib: False Jb: False
Hc: False Ic: False Jc: False

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The argument is invalid because the premises do not guarantee the conclusion. In choice A, the premises are satisfied, but the conclusion (∀x)(Jx ⊃ Hx) is false for x = c, providing a counterexample.

Select a Counterexample for the Given Invalid Argument