For the birth of urban settlements, there had to be a sufficient surplus of food and…

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In order for urban settlements to exist, there had to be a sufficient surplus of food, but just having surplus food was not enough. There needed to be a social organization in place to distribute the surplus to those in need. Without this, there would have been no incentive for people to come together into urban centers. The other choices, such as people being convinced about the advantages of urban life or industrial cities being clean, may have been factors that encouraged people to move to cities, but they were not necessary conditions for the birth of urban settlements. Similarly, the absence of wars between cities may have contributed to the growth and stability of urban centers, but it was not a prerequisite for their existence.

For the Birth of Urban Settlements, There Had to Be