Question 1

In a recent study of diverse high school seniors, which group was most apt to have well-developed plans to attend college?

Accepted Answer

The study found that girls, regardless of social class, were the most apt to have well-developed plans to attend college.

Question 2

In all ethnic groups examined, women, compared to men, earn the majority of:

Accepted Answer

Women earn the majority of bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees in all ethnic groups examined.

Question 3

As of 2011-2012, women earned approximately ______ percent of doctoral and professional degrees.

Accepted Answer

As of 2011-2012, women earned approximately 50 percent of doctoral and professional degrees, reflecting a significant increase in their representation in higher education over the past decades.

Question 4

At least two-thirds of graduates from schools of __________ and __________ now are women.

Accepted Answer

According to the sentence, at least two-thirds of graduates from schools of veterinary medicine and pharmacy are women. None of the other options are mentioned in the sentence.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of scores on standardized achievement tests?

Accepted Answer

According to research, girls have consistently shown improvement in their scores on standardized achievement tests over the past several decades. The other options are not supported by research.

Question 6

The gender gap in degrees conferred is most pronounced for which ethnic group?

Accepted Answer

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in 2017-2018, the gender gap in degrees conferred was greatest for Black students. Black women earned 69% of all associate's degrees, 65% of all bachelor's degrees, 71% of all master's degrees, and 64% of all doctoral degrees earned by Black students. This indicates a significant difference between the number of men and women earning degrees in this ethnic group.

Question 7

Compared to men with disabilities, women with disabilities:

Accepted Answer

Women with disabilities are generally less likely to receive vocational training compared to men with disabilities, due to various social and economic barriers.

Question 8

Worldwide, ______ of countries still have a gender gap at the primary school level.

Accepted Answer

One-third of countries still have a gender gap at the primary school level, indicating ongoing challenges in achieving gender parity in education.

Question 9

Which is/are true of education for girls around the world?

Accepted Answer

Option A is incorrect as access to education for girls has actually improved since 1985. Option B is incorrect as gender disparities in education are greatest in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, not Eastern Europe. Option C is correct as studies have shown that girls who complete high school are more likely to have fewer and healthier children, which can positively impact their own health and the wellbeing of their families. Option D is incorrect as only option B is incorrect.

Question 10

Studies of education around the world show that educating girls can result in:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that educating girls can lead to reduced societal gender inequality, as girls who are educated are more likely to be financially independent and have increased decision-making power. Additionally, educating girls can lead to healthier children, as educated mothers are more likely to have access to and utilize healthcare services. Finally, educating girls can lead to a lowering of the birth rate, as educated women tend to have fewer children and space them out more.

Question 11

Research on the chilly campus climate has shown that:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that ethnic minority women experience more of a chilly climate than do White women. The use of sexist language by faculty members still occurs in and out of the classroom, and sexist or racist humor is considered to be part of a chilly campus climate. Therefore, options A and B are false.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about chilly climate is true?

Accepted Answer

A chilly climate reflects gender inequality of power by creating an environment that can be unwelcoming or hostile, particularly towards women, impacting their participation and success.

Question 13

The text discusses several problems that can negatively affect the academic environment for women of color. These include:

Accepted Answer

The text discusses lack of academic support, an individualistic climate, and stereotype threat as three problems that can negatively affect the academic environment for women of color. Therefore, the best choice is D which includes all three options.

Question 14

Subtle forms of humiliation and bias, such as making assumptions about intelligence based on sex or race are labeled:

Accepted Answer

Microaggressions are subtle, often unconscious forms of discrimination that can be experienced by individuals from marginalized groups. They can include assumptions about intelligence or abilities based on race, gender, or other factors, and can have a negative impact on self-esteem and overall well-being. Stereotype threat refers to the fear of confirming negative stereotypes about one's group, while fear of success is a fear of achieving goals due to the potential for negative consequences. Self-serving attributional bias is a tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.

Question 15

According to some scholars, advantages of all-women's colleges, compared to mixed-gender institutions, include:

Accepted Answer

The advantage mentioned in option C is supported by research which shows that women's colleges have higher rates of faculty-student interaction and mentorship, leading to better academic outcomes and personal development. Options A and B are not necessarily advantages, as they can lead to gender discrimination and stereotypes, and a lower quality education.

Question 16

Women in women's colleges, compared to women in mixed-gender institutions,

Accepted Answer

Women in women's colleges often report higher levels of support, which contrasts with the experiences of women in mixed-gender institutions. This support can come in various forms, including academic, emotional, and career-oriented assistance. Women's colleges are known for creating environments that empower women, encourage their participation in all aspects of college life, and provide substantial support networks.

Question 17

In 2007-2008, which of the following academic fields was/were not dominated by females?

Accepted Answer

In 2007-2008, the physical sciences field was not dominated by females. The other three fields (psychology, education, and English) had a majority of female students and faculty members.

Question 18

The text suggests that several factors can explain women's low participation rate in computer science and engineering. Which of the following is not one of these?

Accepted Answer

The text suggests that poor mathematics skills are not a reason for women's low participation rate in computer science and engineering.

Question 19

Which statement about career counseling is/are true?

Accepted Answer

Statement A is true as research has shown that vocational interest inventories have gender bias, leading to more men showing interest in careers related to science and technology, while women tend to show interest in social and caregiving professions. 
Statement B is also true as during the 1960's and 1970's, career counseling tended to reinforce gender roles and stereotypes, leading to young women being channeled towards traditionally female careers. 
However, statement C is false as research shows that there is still gender bias in STEM fields, and girls are not always encouraged to take advanced science and math courses.

Question 20

Which of the following reflects college women's most common preference for employment and family?

Accepted Answer

College women often prefer to interrupt their employment for a few years for child rearing, allowing them to focus on their families during critical early years while planning to return to the workforce later.

Quiz 9: Education and Achievement