No need to go into all the details, but let's assume famous reporter Ray Gunn has invaded the privacy of a leading citizen. Once the court determines that Ray is liable for this offense, it must then assign the appropriate punishment. Assuming there is a fine involved, the court will be limited to fining Ray for the actual damages caused by his privacy violation - no more, no less.

Question

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A court might decide to award actual damages (the amount of the harm done), but it could also decide to go far beyond that and award punitive or exemplary damages to the defendant, especially if the court is trying to "send a message" about Ray's irresponsible behavior.

No Need to Go into All the Details, but Let's