Which movement adovcated seperatism over integration and ""self-defense"" over non-violence?

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The Black Power movement advocated for separatism over integration, believing that black people should have their own separate society and institutions. The movement also emphasized self-defense over non-violence, seeing armed resistance as necessary for black people to protect themselves against police brutality and white supremacist violence. The Black Panther Party, a prominent group within the Black Power movement, was known for its emphasis on community self-defense and its armed patrols of black neighborhoods.

Which Movement Adovcated Seperatism Over Integration and ""Self-Defense"" Over Non-Violence