The __________ approach to motivation assumes that three factors determine employee effort in a given situation.

Question

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The expectancy theory of motivation assumes that employee effort is determined by three factors: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Expectancy is the belief that effort leads to performance, instrumentality is the belief that performance leads to rewards, and valence is the value an employee places on the reward. This approach is different from equity theory, which focuses on perceived fairness of rewards, reinforcement theory, which emphasizes the use of rewards and punishments to shape behavior, two-factor theory, which suggests that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from separate sets of factors, and path-goal theory, which focuses on the leader's role in supporting employee needs and goals.

The __________ Approach to Motivation Assumes That Three Factors Determine