This categorization scheme separates cases based on their location in the court hierarchy.

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This categorization scheme separates cases based on their location in the court hierarchy, with intermediate courts being the first level, high courts being the second level, and final courts being the highest level. This categorization is based on the appellate process and the level at which a case can be appealed. Direct vs. collateral categorizes cases based on their relationship to the defendant's conviction (direct challenges impact the conviction directly, while collateral challenges are related but not necessarily tied to the conviction). Mandatory vs. discretionary categorizes cases based on the requirement for a court to hear the case (mandatory cases must be heard, while discretionary cases may be heard at a judge's discretion). Pre-sentence, direct, and post-conviction categorizes cases based on their stage in the criminal justice process.

This Categorization Scheme Separates Cases Based on Their Location in the Court