Compensation for decreased blood volume includes increases in

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When blood volume decreases, the body compensates through several mechanisms to maintain blood pressure and ensure adequate circulation. These include increasing sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels (to cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure), increasing sympathetic stimulation of the heart (to increase heart rate and the force of contractions, thereby increasing cardiac output), and enhancing water conservation by the kidneys (to increase blood volume). All these responses work together to counteract the effects of decreased blood volume.

Compensation for Decreased Blood Volume Includes Increases in