In Coyle's (2005) 'Whiggish' history, what were the two sources of the development to the modern prison?

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Coyle argues that the development of the modern prison was influenced by two factors: the efforts of prison reformers to create a more humane and rehabilitative system, and the changing status of prison work as a result of the decline of other forms of penal labor. The falling crime rate is not cited as a significant factor in Coyle's analysis.

In Coyle's (2005) 'Whiggish' History, What Were the Two Sources