Until 1954, state-supported and sanctioned segregation along racial lines was completely legal, and school administrators often refused to allow black, Hispanic, or Asian American children to enter a school building. This is an example of ________.

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Institutional racism refers to discriminatory policies and practices of institutions, such as schools, that systematically disadvantage certain individuals or groups based on their race or ethnicity. The legal segregation of schools prior to 1954 was institutionalized racism because it was a policy that explicitly excluded and disadvantaged non-white students.

Until 1954, State-Supported and Sanctioned Segregation Along Racial Lines Was