According to social role theory, why are men more agentic and women more communal?

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Social role theory proposes that men and women adopt different social roles in society, which shape their behavior and traits. Men are typically assigned the role of being agentic, meaning they are expected to be independent, self-confident, and assertive. Women, on the other hand, are typically assigned the role of being communal, meaning they are expected to be nurturing, caring, and emotionally expressive. These social roles arise from long-standing historical and cultural division of labor between men and women, with men being typically responsible for tasks that require physical strength and independence (such as hunting, farming, and protection), while women are responsible for tasks that require nurturing and caregiving (such as rearing children, cooking, and cleaning). As a result, children growing up in such societies learn and internalize these gender roles from observing the behavior of their parents and other role models, ultimately shaping their own traits and behavior.

According to Social Role Theory, Why Are Men More Agentic