There are three conditions for determining causation in research: (1) there must be a relationship between the cause and the effect; (2) a change in the cause must precede a change in the effect in time order; and (3) you must rule out other causes of the effect.

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These are indeed the three basic criteria used in research to establish a causal relationship between variables: correlation, time order (cause precedes effect), and the elimination of alternative explanations.

There Are Three Conditions for Determining Causation in Research: (1)