According to Pavlov, humans can use verbal labels or symbols to anticipate biologically significant events.He referred to these as:

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Pavlov referred to the use of verbal labels or symbols to anticipate biologically significant events as the second signal system. This concept builds on the first signal system, which involves direct responses to physical stimuli, by adding the layer of abstract, symbolic communication unique to humans.

According to Pavlov, Humans Can Use Verbal Labels or Symbols