Reasons for the Move to Sales Promotion Match Changes in the Marketplace

Reasons for the move to sales promotion match changes in the marketplace do NOT include?

A) Consumers are more likely to switch brands because they are better educated, more selective, and less loyal to brand names than in the past.
B) Consumers have come to expect constant short-term price reductions such as coupons, sales, and price promotions.
C) In most industries, the battle is for market share rather than general product growth, and sales promotion encourages people to switch products, increasing market share.
D) Sales promotion is often the most effective strategy for increasing sales of a parity product.
E) Dominant retailers do want promotional incentives because they do not benefit the retailer.