The significance level of a t test on the slope of a simple linear regression equation measures the probability of drawing an incorrect conclusion when the test indicates that X and Y have a significant relationship.

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The significance level (often denoted as alpha, α) in a t-test, including those on the slope of a simple linear regression equation, represents the probability of making a Type I error. This error occurs when the test incorrectly rejects the null hypothesis, suggesting a significant relationship between X and Y when, in fact, there is none.

The Significance Level of a T Test on the Slope