A Patient Who Has Had Knee Surgery Tells the Nursing

A patient who has had knee surgery tells the nursing student that he is "doing fine" and "doesn't need anything." The student observes that he winces when moving in bed and that he has a worried frown. The student asks him to rate his pain on a numerical scale and then encourages him to take his prn analgesic. Which is true of this interaction?

A) The nursing student recognized that the patient's verbal and nonverbal messages were incongruent.
B) The nursing student understood that verbal messages outrank nonverbal messages in importance.
C) The nursing student realized that affective communication is of lesser importance.
D) The nursing student used one-way communication effectively.