If the distribution of values of the attribute aj is roughly normal, the z index based transformaltion generates values that are almost certainly within the range.

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

In a normal distribution, about 99.7% of the data falls within three standard deviations from the mean. The z-score transformation (z = (X - μ) / σ) standardizes data, so values typically range between -3 and 3 for a normal distribution.

If the Distribution of Values of the Attribute Aj Is