Question 1

Which organism needs complex organic food from a carbon source to grow and develop?

Accepted Answer

Heterotrpic bacteria is the organism that needs complex organic food from a carbon source to grow and develop. They are organic sludge degraders that consume something else to acquire their energy because they are unable to get energy from the sun.

Question 2

Which of the following is a parasite that completely depends on its host to survive?

Accepted Answer

A strict parasite is a parasite that completely depends on its host to survive. A strict parasite grows on a single species of host because it cannot survive long outside of its host.

Question 3

Which of the following organisms lives on dead tissues?

Accepted Answer

A saprophyte is an organism that lives on dead tissues. It dwells and consumes dead tissues for its nourishment, particularly from dead organisms or decaying organic materials.

Question 4

Which of the following refers to organisms that do not possess chlorophyll and are usually bear spores?

Accepted Answer

Fungi refers to organisms that do not possess chlorophyll and are usually bear spores. Fungi are groups of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms that absorb food from others. They can live in dark and damp places because they don't need light to create food.

Question 5

Harvey is a 73-year-old patient who experience bowel incontinence and an infected heel decubitus ulcer. The pathogen that could possible cause those conditions is:

Accepted Answer

Neisseria gonorrhea may be the pathogen that could possible cause those. It is the most common organism that can cause septic arthritis and skin lesions.

Question 6

Which of the following is an antigen that can be detected in reactive and neoplastic astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 is an antigen that can be detected in reactive and neoplastic astrocytes. There have been twenty-four cases where immunoreactiity with anti-keratin has been demonstrated. Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and GFAP appeared positive in reactive and neoplastic astrocytes.

Question 7

Which of the following could be caused by Medulloblastoma in a midline location?

Accepted Answer

Truncal ataxia could be caused by Medulloblastoma in a midline location. Imbalance due to lack of coordination of the paraxial muscles can result to truncal ataxia. Truncal ataxia is a significant aspect of midline cerebellar lesions.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly describes chromatolysis?

Accepted Answer

All of the above describe chromatolysis, including weak eosinophilic changes, loss of Nissl substance, and swelling stressed neurons. Chromatolysis means loss of color in neuropathology usage. Nissl substance is verified by Nissl stain characterized by cresyl violet stain.

Question 9

When the alveoli are inflamed, the person who suffers any of those conditions may be experiencing:

Accepted Answer

When the alveoli are inflamed, the person who suffers any of those conditions may be experiencing blue bloater. Emphysema is a chronic disease of the lungs that generally causes shortness of breath due to over inflation of the alveoli.

Question 10

The most common form of joint disease is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The most common form of joint disease is Osteoarthritis. It is viewed as normal wear and tear of the joint, which is inevitable in aging, as these pathologic changes is present in most people beyond 65 years.

Question 11

Which of the following is often affected due to ascorbic acid deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue is often affected due to ascorbic acid deficiency. Ascorbic acid or vitamin C is the body's basic support for connective tissue. It is needed for the formation of collagen, which is a structural protein in connective tissue, amino acid metabolism, and hormone synthesis.

Question 12

Which of the following is characterized by pannus formation?

Accepted Answer

Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by pannus formation. During the progress of rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium enlarges, eventually forming pannus. Pannus is a sheet of inflammatory granulation tissue that spreads from the synovial membrane and invades the joint.

Question 13

Where does a pulmonary embolus originate?

Accepted Answer

A pulmonary embolus originates in lower extremities. Pulmonary emboli commonly arise from the thrombi from the deep venous system of the lower extremities.

Question 14

Otto Pelvis is most likely associated with:

Accepted Answer

Otto pelvis, or protrusion acetabuli, is most likely associated with Osteomalacia. It is described as a chronic progressive protrusion of the femoral head into the acetabulum and pelvis.

Question 15

Which of the following is a neuronal disease that causes fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis is a neuronal disease that causes fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue. It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies block acetylcholine receptors at the post synaptic neuromuscular junction.

Question 16

Which of the following is a disease by which pia meter is affected?

Accepted Answer

Leptomeningitis is a disease by which pia meter is affected. It is a disease due to inflammation of the pia meter of the arachnoid membrane.

Question 17

Which of the following is an autoimmune condition that could cause demyelination?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune condition that could cause demyelination. In multiple sclerosis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the nervous system that results in demyelination. This affects the neurons as they communicate with each other.

Question 18

Which of the following is an RNA virus?

Accepted Answer

Rubella virus is an RNA virus that causes German measles. In case a pregnant woman is infected with the virus during the first trimester or second trimester, the Rubella virus can be transmitted to the infant.

Question 19

Which of the following structures is the most sensitive to ischemia?

Accepted Answer

Cortical neuron is the most sensitive to ischemia. Acute brain ischemia is accompanied by the intense apoptotic and/or necrotic death of cortical neurons.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about choristoma?

Accepted Answer

Among all of the above, the one that is true about choristoma is that it is a normal tissue located in abnormal sites as it refers to an ectopic rest of normal tissue.

Quiz 1: Pharmacology and Protein Structures