Question 1

The most rapid onset of action of inhaled general anesthetics correlates with the smallest value for which of the following variables?

Accepted Answer

The most rapid onset of action of inhaled general anesthetics correlates with the smallest value for the blood-gas partition coefficient. This is a measure of the solubility of the inhalation anesthetic in the blood relative to its solubility in the inspired air.

Question 2

The most appropriate drug for treatment of a patient suffering from chronic gout is:

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate drug for treatment of a patient suffering from chronic gout is allopurinol. In chronic gout, the strategy is to decrease uric acid formation from purines by inhibition of xanthine oxidase with allopurinol or to increase urate elimination with uricosurics like probenecid or sulfinpyrazone.

Question 3

Which of the following infections presents as chronic interdigital scaling with erosions between the toes?

Accepted Answer

The infection that presents as chronic interdigital scaling with erosions between the toes is Tinea pedis/manuum. It presents as chronic interdigital scaling with erosions between the toes ("athlete's foot") or as a thickened, scaly skin on the soles. Asymmetric involvement of the hands is typical.

Question 4

Which of the following tumors is the most common benign bone tumor?

Accepted Answer

The tumor that is the most common benign bone tumor is osteochondroma. It accounts for approximately 35% of benign bone tumors and 9% of all bone tumors.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is not true about osteosarcoma?

Accepted Answer

The statement that is not true about osteosarcoma is: "It is the most common malignant tumor of bone." It is, in fact, the second most common 1° malignant tumor of bone (after multiple myeloma).

Question 6

Regarding radiographic diagnostics of various bone pathologies, Codman's triangle and sunburst pattern are characteristic features of which of the following pathologies?

Accepted Answer

Regarding radiographic diagnostics of various bone pathologies, Codman's triangle and sunburst pattern are characteristic features of osteosarcoma. In osteosarcoma, radiographs typically show Codman's triangle (periosteal new bone formation at the diaphyseal end of the lesion) or a 'sunburst pattern.'

Question 7

All of the following treatment modalities are usually implemented in the treatment of osteosarcoma except:

Accepted Answer

All of the listed treatment modalities are usually implemented in the treatment of osteosarcoma except surgical drainage. Treatment of osteosarcoma usually includes limb-sparing surgical procedures and pre- and postoperative chemotherapy (e.g., methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin, ifosfamide). Amputation may be necessary.

Question 8

All of the following are characteristic features of osteoarthritis except:

Accepted Answer

All of the listed features are characteristic features of osteoarthritis except it is highly inflammatory in nature. Osteoarthritis is a common, chronic, non-inflammatory arthritis of the synovial joints.

Question 9

Regarding radiographic findings in osteoarthritis, all of the following features are seen except:

Accepted Answer

Regarding radiographic findings in osteoarthritis, all of the listed features are seen except onion skinning, which is a finding in Ewing's sarcoma. In osteoarthritis, radiographs show joint space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis, and subchondral bone cysts.

Question 10

All of the following factors are considered common risk factors for gout except:

Accepted Answer

All of the listed factors are considered common risk factor for gout except adolescent females. The common risk factors include male gender, age after 40, obesity, diet high in beer and steak, and postmenopausal status in females.

Question 11

All of the following radiographic findings are characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis except:

Accepted Answer

All of the following radiographic findings are characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis except joint space widening. The early radiographic findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include soft tissue swelling and juxta-articular demineralization. The late findings include joint space narrowing and erosions.

Question 12

All of the following drugs are used in the treatment of gout except:

Accepted Answer

All of the listed drugs are used in the treatment of gout except calcium channel blockers (CCBs). CCBs are frequently used to treat hypertension and not in the treatment of gout, which is inflammatory disease process.

Question 13

All of the following joints are commonly involved in rheumatoid arthritis except:

Accepted Answer

All of the listed joints are commonly involved in rheumatoid arthritis except pelvic joints. The most commonly involved joints include those of hand, wrist, ankle, and knee and the disease tends to have symmetrical involvement.

Question 14

Which of the following organisms is the most likely organism to cause septic arthritis?

Accepted Answer

The most likely organism to cause septic arthritis in adult is Staphylococcus aureus. Beta-hemolytic streptococci are the second most common.

Question 15

The clinical picture of symmetrical swelling and tenderness of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist joints lasting longer than 6 weeks strongly suggests which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

The clinical picture of symmetrical swelling and tenderness of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist joints lasting longer than 6 weeks strongly suggests rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes acute flare ups and can be quite crippling.

Question 16

All of the following signs and symptoms are included among the four of the required signs or symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) except:

Accepted Answer

All of the listed signs and symptoms are included among the four of the required signs or symptoms of RA except intermittent fever. These four of the required signs or symptoms of RA include morning stiffness, swelling of the wrist, simultaneous swelling of joints on both sides of body, and subcutaneous nodules.

Question 17

Which of the following classes of drugs is the treatment of choice for most patients with acute gout?

Accepted Answer

The class of drugs that is the treatment of choice for most patients with acute gout is NSAIDs.Other drugs are used in either chronic gout or at later stages. Allopurinol should not be used during an episode of acute gout, as it can exacerbate the symptoms.

Question 18

If a patient with hallux valgus develops lateral displacement of the extensor and flexor hallucis longus tendons, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

If a patient with hallux valgus develops lateral displacement of the extensor and flexor hallucis longus tendons, the most likely diagnosis is a bunion. Improper footwear results in lateral deviations of the great toe, extensor, and flexor hallucis longus tendons (bunion formation).

Question 19

If a long-distance runner develops foot pain with exercise, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

If a long-distance runner develops foot pain with exercise, the most likely diagnosis is hammer toe. Hammer toe often affects the second toe. The metatarsophalangeal joint is dorsiflexed and the proximal interphalangeal joint has plantar flexion.

Question 20

If a patient develops painful swelling of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

If a patient develops painful swelling of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, the most likely diagnosis is gout. Gout specifically involves the first metatarsophalangeal joints, especially the big toe, heels, ankles and knees.

Quiz 2: Orthopedic and Podiatric Conditions and Diseases