In general, what was Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika, instituted in the 1980s?

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In general, Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika, instituted in the 1980s, was a general loosening of Soviet political and economic structures.
Key Takeaway: The Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev initiated the perestroika policy in the mid-1980s. This policy was meant to restructure the Soviet economy to make it more efficient. To do so, he wished to have the economy fall more into line with free-market principles. In the late 1980s, perestroika also involved restructuring the political system, allowing for a limited democracy.

In General, What Was Mikhail Gorbachev's Policy of Perestroika, Instituted