The metals in porcelain bonding alloys are selected and blended so that they have which of the following properties?

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With metals in porcelain bonding alloys,small amounts of metals such as indium,iron,tin,or gallium are added to form oxides on the metal surface to which porcelain will bond.They have the ability to withstand the high temperatures at which porcelain is fired without distorting or melting.They have a lower thermal expansion than gold alloys used for all-metal crowns.Titanium and titanium alloys have such high melting temperatures and difficulty in handling that they have limited use for ceramic-metal crowns.

The Metals in Porcelain Bonding Alloys Are Selected and Blended