The term political scientists use to designate the transition from one party system to another is

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Realignment refers to a significant and enduring shift in the partisan loyalties of voters that permanently alters the balance of power between the two major parties. This term is commonly used to describe periods in American history when one party system transitions to another, typically resulting from major social, economic, or cultural changes. Examples of realignments include the shift from the Jeffersonian Republicans to the Whigs in the 1830s, the New Deal realignment that solidified Democratic dominance from the 1930s to the 1960s, and the Reagan realignment that brought Republicans to power in the 1980s.

The Term Political Scientists Use to Designate the Transition from One