"Women's ways of knowing" is a phrase that implies women have the inherent knowledge necessary to make decisions and these decisions may stem from intuition. This is opposed to a power-based model where the keepers of knowledge know best what decisions a woman should make. The terms for these two thought processes might be viewed as:

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Embodied knowledge is derived from the woman's perception of her own body and its natural abilities, while authoritative knowledge takes power away from the mother and gives it to an "expert." Doulas need to remain open to embodied knowledge from mothers, and not let their expert status take over in decision-making. Expectant versus active management is usually used in reference to the third stage of labor. Woman-centered care focuses on the needs of the individual woman as opposed to the desires of the medical establishment.

"Women's Ways of Knowing" Is a Phrase That Implies Women