Question 1

Which of the following is a measure of the amount of physical work performed for a particular duration of time?

Accepted Answer

Power is the amount of physical work performed for a particular duration of time. Power is used as a quantifying measure of exercise intensity.

Question 2

Which knowledge base allows personal trainers to select exercise programming that meets their clients' goals and minimizes risk of injury?

Accepted Answer

Biomechanics allows personal trainers to select exercise programming that meets their clients' goals and minimizes risk of injury. This study combines anatomy with physics to understand the movement processes of the body as a whole.

Question 3

In which type of lever are the applied and resistive forces on the same side of the fulcrum?

Accepted Answer

A second class lever exhibits the applied and resistive forces on the same side of the fulcrum. This causes the resistive force to act through a moment arm shorter than that of the applied force, which results in a mechanical advantage of more than one.

Question 4

Which of the following factors affects the ability to determine actual work done during resistance training?

Accepted Answer

The angle of weight movement during the exercise affects the ability to determine actual work done during resistance training. If the weight is moving along an angle, there would be additional calculation required to determine resistance factors (such as friction).

Question 5

Which type of muscle arrangement resembles the layout of a feather, with angled fibers?

Accepted Answer

Pennate muscles' arrangement resembles the layout of a feather, with angled fibers. An advantage to this layout is that it allows for reduced inertial resistance.

Question 6

Which of the following anatomical locations is an example of a type of pennate muscle arrangement?

Accepted Answer

The tibialis posterior is an example of a type of pennate muscle arrangement. This particular one is a unipennate arrangement, with one direction of angles. There are also bipennate (rectus femoris) and multipennate (deltoid) arrangements.

Question 7

During what phase of exercise is the greatest amount of muscle force possible?

Accepted Answer

The greatest amount of muscle force is possible during the eccentric phase of exercise. This is due to the increase in maximal torque concurrent with the increase of joint angular velocity.

Question 8

When fitness training is focused on a target activity and improvement in performance of that activity is an example of which principle?

Accepted Answer

When fitness training is focused on a target activity and improvement in performance of that activity, this is an example of specificity principle. An exercise program that enhances overall fitness, but then also includes exercises specific to the movements and strengths needed for particular activity provides this specificity.

Question 9

Which of the following hormones increases as a result of exercise in order to facilitate the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine increases as a result of exercise in order to help with fat and carbohydrate breakdown. Also, it facilitates motor unit recruitment within the nervous system.

Question 10

Which of the following conditions can possibly be improved by the chronic adaptation of bone formation and degeneration that comes with exercise?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis can possibly benefit from exercise's chronic adaptation in regards to bone formation and degeneration. Evidence suggests that the bone will be stimulated to produce more bone cells by inducing the strain associated with resistance training. This may decrease the impact of more rapid demineralization with age.

Question 11

What do the following symptoms likely indicate when present in a person who has been practicing resistance training? Sleep disturbance
Lingering colds
Soreness
Mood changes
Flu-like symptoms

Accepted Answer

Symptoms that include sleep disturbance, lingering colds, soreness, mood changes, and flu-like symptoms are likely indicative of resistance overtraining. This occurs when either the training intensity or duration, or both, have exceeded healthy levels.

Question 12

What response to exercise is thought to be a result of increased parasympathetic influence, decreased sympathetic influence, and lower heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Decreased resting and sub-maximal heart rate is thought to be a result of increased parasympathetic influence, decreased sympathetic influence, and lower heart rate. This is a chronic adaptation from aerobic training.

Question 13

Which of the following changes in the body's relationship to insulin could greatly affect the status of a diabetic's health as aging occurs?

Accepted Answer

Increased sensitivity to insulin due to long term aerobic training could greatly affect the status of a diabetic's health as aging occurs. This increased sensitivity as an adaptation to exercise will help to counteract naturally decreasing insulin sensitivity that occurs with age.

Question 14

What do the following symptoms indicate?Altered blood pressureDecreased muscle glycogenIncreased muscle sorenessA decrease in performance

Accepted Answer

Symptoms including altered blood pressure, decreased muscle glycogen, increased muscle soreness and a decrease in performance indicate aerobic overtraining.

Question 15

Which of the following is a measure of the calories required to maintain normal bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

Resting metabolic rate is a measure of the calories required to maintain normal bodily functions. It accounts for approximately 60-75% of daily energy expended.

Question 16

What is the most commonly recommended daily intake of carbohydrates for non-performance individuals?

Accepted Answer

The most commonly recommended daily intake of carbohydrates for non-performance individuals is 5-6 grams per kilogram of body weight. Without enough carbs in the diet, ketones may build up in the blood causing ketosis due to incomplete breakdown of fats.

Question 17

What is the estimated percentage of calories derived from fat in the average American's diet?

Accepted Answer

It is estimated that the average American's diet consists of calories derived approximately 34% from fats. The healthy recommended amount is less than 30% of the total caloric consumption.

Question 18

What is the recommended amount of water to drink daily in order to maintain healthy integrity of body cells?

Accepted Answer

The recommended amount of water to intake daily in order to maintain healthy integrity of body cells is assessed individually based on activity levels, food and drink intake, health conditions, etc. So many factors affect the body's ability to maintain normal, healthy fluid levels in the cells that no generic amount can be appropriate for all people.

Question 19

What is the danger of rapid weight loss due to extreme calorie restriction?

Accepted Answer

The danger of rapid weight loss due to extreme calorie restriction includes dehydration and loss of lean muscle mass and vitamin and mineral status. The average recommendation for weight loss is between 1-3 pounds per week, depending upon the starting body weight.

Question 20

What is the recommended dietary allowance for male and female adults for calcium (in milligrams per day)?

Accepted Answer

The recommended dietary allowance for male and female adults for calcium (in milligrams per day) is 1000. The upper limit is 2500.

Quiz 1: Physical Therapy