Question 1

Obesity, type-2 diabetes, chronic renal failure, certain medications and excess alcohol intake can all contribute to an elevation of what blood factor?

Accepted Answer

Obesity, type-2 diabetes, chronic renal failure, certain medications and excess alcohol intake can all contribute to an elevation of triglycerides. Elevated triglycerides is a risk factor for developing coronary heart disease.

Question 2

What value below indicates an acceptable and healthy level for total cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Total cholesterol under 200 mg/dL is considered acceptable and healthy.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a term that describes the combination of cardiac risk factors and abdominal obesity?

Accepted Answer

Syndrome Z is not a term that describes the combination of cardiac risk factors and abdominal obesity. Syndrome X, as well as dyslipidemic hypertension, insulin resistance syndrome and metabolic syndrome all describe this condition.

Question 4

Which of the following laboratory findings may indicate that there are limited numbers of insulin receptors on cells?

Accepted Answer

Elevated blood glucose levels may indicate that there are limited numbers of insulin receptors on cells. With the limited number of receptors, insulin cannot bind and bring the glucose into the cells, so it remains in the blood.

Question 5

A client becomes hypoglycemic during a session. Which of the following actions would not be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Giving water and attempting to reduce body temperature and heart rate would not be an appropriate action to take for a client who becomes hypoglycemic during a session. The client would need the addition of sugars into the blood, which can be accomplished by feeding food or liquids as long as the client can safely consume them. Calling 911 is always a safe precaution, since complications may occur that are unpredictable.

Question 6

A client fitting which of the following descriptions should be immediately referred to their physician for further testing for underlying secondary conditions?

Accepted Answer

A client who is a 32-year-old male with unmedicated hypertension should be immediately referred to his physician for further testing for underlying secondary conditions. The reason is that most diagnoses of hypertension under the age of 35 are a result of secondary, usually undiagnosed conditions.

Question 7

Into what blood pressure stage and risk group would a client be placed who has a BP reading of 132/86 mmHg and diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A client with a BP reading of 132/86 mmHg and diabetes would be placed in the high normal category and risk group C. This client would likely require medication therapy and lifestyle modification.

Question 8

A client has hypertension. All of the following conditions indicate that adjustments must be made to this client's workout, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

All of the above conditions, when comorbid with hypertension, necessitate adjusted workouts, except for asthma, COPD or otherwise temporarily debilitated lung function. Certainly these conditions will affect the client's ability to reach more intense levels of cardiovascular intensity, but they do not specifically restrict the workout's activities.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a recommended form of treatment during the initial inflammation phase of an injury?

Accepted Answer

Progressive tissue loading is not a recommended form of treatment during the initial inflammation phase of an injury. This should occur later, during the remodeling phase. Passive modalities, including ice, elevation and compression, should be used during the inflammation phase.

Question 10

What type of tissue injury is characterized by a partial tear with minor joint instability?

Accepted Answer

A second degree joint sprain is characterized by a partial tear with minor joint instability. This is a ligamentous injury, as it relates to the connections between bones that maintain joint integrity.

Question 11

Which of the following is the complete displacement of a joint surface?

Accepted Answer

A dislocation is the complete displacement of a joint surface. This can result from a great amount of force applied suddenly, forcing the joint into an unnatural position beyond normal range of motion.

Question 12

What injury may be present in a client who complains of low back pain, lower extremity radicular pain, and paresthesia?

Accepted Answer

A posterolateral disc herniation may be present in a client who complains of low back pain, lower extremity radicular pain, and paresthesia. Nerve compression caused by this condition can reuslt in neck or back pain, radicular pain, and paresthesia.

Question 13

What is impingement syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Impingement syndrome is a pinching of the subacromial bursa under the acromial arch. This is often caused by muscle imbalances, poor posture or improper technique.

Question 14

What procedure scrapes away bone on the anterior and inferior acromial surfaces to reduce stress or impingement of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Subacromial decompression scrapes away bone on the anterior and inferior acromial surfaces to reduce stress or impingement of the rotator cuff. This decreases the stress of the rotator cuff tendons between the acromion and head of the humerus.

Question 15

What imbalance can cause the patella to move laterally and result in anterior knee pain?

Accepted Answer

An overactive vastus lateralis can contribute to anterior knee pain by causing the patella to move laterally as it overpowers the vastus medialis obliques.

Question 16

What knee injury contraindicates kneeling?

Accepted Answer

Total knee arthroplasty contraindicates kneeling.

Question 17

What disease or condition may be indicated by muscle atrophy, periarticular nodules and joint ankylosis?

Accepted Answer

Rheumatoid arthritis may be indicated by muscle atrophy, periarticular nodules and joint ankylosis. The pain is often described as morning stiffness in warm, swollen joints.

Question 18

Which of the following should a personal trainer keep in mind when selecting exercises for a client with rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

Degeneration of capsules, tendons, ligaments and bursa affects flexibility, strength and overall postural integrity. This will affect the personal trainer's selection of exercises for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Hypermobility will cause increased risk of injury and laxity in the joints.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a concern regarding clients with spinal cord injury?

Accepted Answer

Decreased chance of venous pooling is not a concern regarding clients with spinal cord injury. In fact, increased venous pooling may occur in clients with spinal cord injury and can increase the likelihood of syncope and lightheadedness.

Question 20

Which of the following is an immune disorder that manifests as inflammation and degeneration of the myelin sheath of nerves?

Accepted Answer

Multiple Sclerosis is an immune disorder that manifests as inflammation and degeneration of the myelin sheath of nerves. The etiology is uncertain but may be linked to certain viral causes.

Quiz 1: Physical Therapy