For a within-subjects design,the degrees of freedom between groups are always equal to the degrees of freedom between persons.

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Within-subjects design does not involve between-groups variability because all participants undergo all conditions. Therefore, there are no separate groups to compare, and there is no between-groups variability. The degrees of freedom are instead allocated to the sources of variance within participants (i.e., error variance, treatment variance, etc.).

For a Within-Subjects Design,the Degrees of Freedom Between Groups Are