Data independence means
A)data is defined separately and not included in programs.
B)programs are not dependent on the physical attributes of data
C)programs are not dependent on the logical attributes of data
D)both b and c

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Data independence refers to the capacity to change the schema at one level of a database system without having to change the schema at the next higher level. It includes both logical data independence (programs are not dependent on the logical structure of data) and physical data independence (programs are not dependent on the physical storage of data).

Data Independence Means