An Effluent Fee Is A

An effluent fee is a:

A) fine polluters must pay the government for discharging waste.
B) brokerage fee paid to the EPA by parties exchanging transferable emissions permits.
C) fine paid to the EPA by firms caught violating the pollution laws.
D) fine paid to the injured parties by firms caught violating the pollution laws.
E) way to reduce the costs of regulated firms.