In convection heat transfer from hot flue gases to water tube, even though flow may be turbulent, a laminar flow region (boundary layer of film) exists close to the tube. The heat transfer through this film takes place by

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Conduction is the primary mode of heat transfer through the laminar boundary layer that forms close to the tube in convection heat transfer scenarios. This is because, within this thin layer, the fluid motion is highly restricted, and heat transfer occurs mainly through the molecular motion, characteristic of conduction.

In Convection Heat Transfer from Hot Flue Gases to Water