According to the Supreme Court in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, where Tompkins sued a New York company that owned a train that hit him in Pennsylvania, the doctrine of Swift v. Tyson, which held that federal courts exercising jurisdiction on the ground of diversity of citizenship need not, in matters of general jurisprudence, apply [the common law] of the state as declared by its highest court, introduced:

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The Supreme Court in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins held that the doctrine of Swift v. Tyson introduced discrimination against state citizens by non-state citizens, as it allowed federal courts to ignore state common law, potentially leading to different outcomes for state and non-state citizens in similar cases.