Hartsoe Filed Suit in Federal and State Courts Contending Violations

Hartsoe filed suit in federal and state courts contending violations of his constitutional rights by a Montana state judge. When appeals courts at the state and federal level reviewed his case, both courts held that:

A) the claims in both courts would be dismissed because Hartsoe was not a U.S. citizen, so was not entitled to bring such claims.
B) the claim could proceed in state court, but not federal court, because improper judicial actions by state judges must be handled by state courts.
C) the claim could proceed in federal court, but not state court, because a violation of constitutional rights is a federal matter to be considered by federal courts.
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D) both the federal and state claims could proceed because both federal and state constitutional issues were involved.
E) none of the other choices are correct.