Carl Works at a Unionized Workplace Where the Collective Bargaining

Carl works at a unionized workplace where the collective bargaining agreement requires all employees to pay union dues or agency fees. He refuses to join the union, which demands he pay an agency fee, part of which would be used for political purposes. Assuming this is not a right-to-work state:

A) union dues and agency fees must be equal
B) Carl must pay whatever agency fees the union believes necessary to fulfill its mission
C) Carl may not be forced to pay any fees to the union
D) Carl may not be forced to pay union fees or be represented by a union without permission
E) none of the other choices