Question 1

After Mike got to college, the first two people he called to ask for a trip forcefully told him 'No!' Mike has concluded he will never have a trip. Beck would say Mike is engaging in

Accepted Answer

Mike is engaging in overgeneralization by concluding that he will never have a trip based on the responses of the first two people he asked. This cognitive distortion involves making a broad, generalized conclusion based on a very limited set of evidence.

Question 2

With which disorders has cognitive therapy been shown to be effective?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy has been shown to be effective in treating a variety of disorders, including anxiety disorders, bulimia, and major depression. This approach focuses on identifying and changing distorted thinking patterns, beliefs, and attitudes, which can contribute to emotional and behavioral issues.

Question 3

Persuading clients to abandon their erroneous ways of thinking is a goal of

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy aims to change negative and erroneous thought patterns to improve a person's mood and behavior.

Question 4

A therapist who pays particular attention to transference during therapy is likely to have which approach?

Accepted Answer

Transference is a concept in psychodynamic therapy where the patient projects feelings about figures from their past onto the therapist. This approach focuses on unconscious processes and the therapeutic relationship, making it distinct from cognitive, humanistic, and behavioral approaches, which do not typically emphasize transference.

Question 5

A therapist who uses classical conditioning principles to treat a spider phobia is likely to have which approach?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning is a concept within the behavioral approach to psychology, which focuses on observable behaviors and how they're learned through interactions with the environment. A therapist using classical conditioning to treat phobias would be applying behavioral techniques to modify the patient's response to spiders.

Question 6

a therapist whose main task is to encourage clients to test their assumptions against reality is likely to have which approach?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive approach in therapy focuses on identifying and challenging irrational or maladaptive thoughts. It emphasizes the role of cognitive processes in the development and maintenance of psychological disorders. Therapists using this approach encourage clients to test their assumptions against reality to help them develop more accurate and beneficial thought patterns.

Question 7

According to Freud, which part of the mind is composed mainly of life and death instincts

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Freud, which part of the...

Question 8

According to Freud, which part of the mind is dominated by the pleasure principle?

Accepted Answer

The id is the part of the mind in Freudian psychoanalysis that is responsible for our basic drives and is dominated by the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification.

Question 9

All of the following are examples of sublimation except

Accepted Answer

Sublimation is a defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses or idealizations are unconsciously transformed into socially acceptable actions or behavior, possibly resulting in a long-term conversion of the initial impulse. Robbing a bank (B) is not an example of sublimation because it is a socially unacceptable action that does not transform the impulse into a socially acceptable form. The other options (A, C, D) involve channeling impulses into socially acceptable or productive activities.

Question 10

The humanistic view states that

Accepted Answer

The humanistic view emphasizes that humans have an inherent tendency towards growth and self-actualization, which is described as an inner-directedness. This perspective focuses on the individual's subjective experience and the capacity for self-determination.

Question 11

Rogers believes that differences between the self and the ideal self

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers, a humanistic psychologist, posited that discrepancies between an individual's self-concept (the "self") and their aspirations or desires (the "ideal self") can result in discomfort, incongruence, and feelings that are not adequately integrated into the self-concept, which he referred to as "unsymbolized feelings." Thus, all the options provided are correct in the context of Rogers' theory.

Question 12

Which approach to psychology is referred to as the "third force"?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic theory is referred to as the "third force" in psychology, distinguishing itself from the first two forces, psychoanalysis and behaviorism, by emphasizing individual potential and the importance of growth and self-actualization.

Question 13

Humanistic psychologists believe that people are born _________, whereas social learning theorists believe that people are born ___________.

Accepted Answer

Humanistic psychologists believe that people are inherently good and have an innate drive towards self-actualization. Social learning theorists, on the other hand, view people as neutral at birth, with behavior shaped by environmental influences and learning experiences.

Question 14

Rogers is most properly associated with

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rogers is most properly associated with
...

Question 15

Rogers described the formative tendency as the tendency for

Accepted Answer

The formative tendency, as described by Carl Rogers, refers to the natural inclination for matter to evolve from simpler to more complex forms, reflecting a universal process of development and growth.

Question 16

Rogers believed that all behaviour relates to one's

Accepted Answer

Rogers believed that all behavior is related to the actualizing tendency, which is the inherent drive in individuals to realize their full potential and maintain and enhance themselves.

Question 17

Healthy people evaluate their experiences as good or bad according to which criterion?

Accepted Answer

The actualizing tendency is the innate drive in humans to grow, improve, and fulfill their potential, which serves as a criterion for evaluating experiences as good or bad.

Question 18

In Rogerian theory, the actualizing tendency

Accepted Answer

The actualizing tendency in Rogerian theory refers to the inherent drive within an individual to grow, develop, and realize their full potential, which is closely related to their organismic experiences.

Question 19

Inner tension arises, Rogers said, when a conflict exists between the

Accepted Answer

The self-actualizing tendency is the innate drive to develop one's full potential, while the organismic self is the individual's perception of their own identity. When these two are in conflict, inner tension arises.

Quiz 2: Psychology and Therapy: Understanding the Mind and Treatment Approaches