As a General Rule, Consignation Must Be Preceded by a Valid

As a general rule, consignation must be preceded by a valid tender of payment. Enumerated below however, are situations which allows a consignation without a prior tender of payment. Which is the exception?

A) When for any cause, the creditor refuses to give a receipt.
B) When the creditor is absent or unknown, or does not appear at the place of payment.
C) When two or more persons claim the same right to collect.
D) When the title to the obligation has been lost.