Comparative Studies Have Repeatedly Shown That Smaller Animals Have Faster

Comparative studies have repeatedly shown that smaller animals have faster metabolic rates than larger animals, yet human males are both larger and have a higher average BMR than human females. What explains the variation in the pattern?

A) Males typically weigh more than females; when standardized for body weight the average BMR is identical for both genders.
B) The large average body size of males reduces the surface area to volume ratio; body systems elevate their metabolic rates to compensate for the change.
C) The metabolic rates of different tissues vary; the male body consists of a high percentage of energy-consuming muscle.
D) Males have larger digestive systems, ingest more per meal, and metabolize food at a higher rate to maintain body weight homeostasis.