The soapberry bugs shown in the figure below adapted to a change in food source in as fast as 30 years. For evolution to occur this quickly

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For evolution to occur quickly in a population, the necessary genetic variation must already be present. In this case, alleles for shorter beaks must have been present in the soapberry bug population before the change in food source. Individuals with shorter beaks were better equipped to feed on the new food source and therefore had a reproductive advantage, passing on their advantageous gene variants to their offspring. This led to a shift in the frequency of the beak length alleles in the population over time, resulting in an adaptation to the new food source.

The Soapberry Bugs Shown in the Figure Below Adapted to a Change