France Granted Independence to Its Fifteen Sub-Saharan Colonies in 1960

France granted independence to its fifteen sub-Saharan colonies in 1960, and subsequently, all of the following occurred except:

A) France developed the strongest presence of all the European countries on the African continent.
B) France trained the armies of the new states.
C) France continued to see itself as a key international power in African affairs.
D) France was largely successful in preventing the spread of civilian or military dictatorships to its former colonies.