In the Seventeenth Century, Science Became Modern, Which Meant All

In the seventeenth century, science became modern, which meant all of the following except:

A) science became recognized as one of the principal enterprises of European society.
B) scientific methods of inquiry were defined.
C) scientific knowledge was increasingly applied to practical inventions.
D) scientific advances did not take place through the work of geniuses such as Galileo and Newton.