Question 1

Which is the causative agent of scarlet fever?

Accepted Answer

GABHS infection causes scarlet fever.Enteroviruses do not cause the same complications.Corynebacterium organisms cause diphtheria.Scarlet fever is not caused by a virus.

Question 2

Which common childhood communicable disease may cause severe defects in the fetus when it occurs in its congenital form?

Accepted Answer

Rubella causes teratogenic effects on the fetus.There is a low risk of fetal death to those in contact with children affected with fifth disease.Roseola and rubeola are not dangerous to the fetus.

Question 3

Which play patterns does a 3-year-old child typically display (select all that apply)?

Accepted Answer

Children between ages 3 and 5 years enjoy parallel and associative play.Children learn to share and cooperate as they play in small groups.Play is often imitative,dramatic,and creative.Imaginary friends are common around age 3 years.Structured play is typical of school-age children.

Question 4

Parents tell the nurse that they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom.Which is the most appropriate recommendation the nurse should make?

Accepted Answer

Three-year-olds become aware of anatomic differences and are concerned about how the other "works." Such exploration should not be condoned or condemned.Children should not be punished for this normal exploration.Encouraging the children to ask questions of the parents and redirecting their activity are more appropriate than giving permission.Exploration is age-appropriate and not dangerous behavior.

Question 5

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she does not want another blood sample drawn because "I need all my insides,and I don't want anyone taking them out." Which is the nurse's best interpretation of this?

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers have little understanding of body boundaries,which leads to fears of mutilation.The child is not capable of being dramatic at 4 years of age.She truly has fear.Body image is just developing in the school-age child.Preschoolers do not have good understanding of their bodies.

Question 6

In providing anticipatory guidance to parents whose child will soon be entering kindergarten,which is a critical factor in preparing a child for kindergarten entry?

Accepted Answer

Interactions between the parent and child are an important factor in the development of academic competence.Parental encouragement and support maximize a child's potential.The child's ability to sit still is important to learning; however,parental responsiveness and involvement are more important factors.Learned helplessness is the result of a child feeling that he or she has no effect on the environment and that his or her actions do not matter.Parents who are actively involved in a supportive learning environment will demonstrate a more positive approach to learning.Preschool and day care programs can supplement the developmental opportunities provided by parents at home,but they are not critical in preparing a child for entering kindergarten.

Question 7

When is a child with chickenpox considered to be no longer contagious?

Accepted Answer

When the lesions are crusted,the chickenpox is no longer contagious.This may be a week after onset of disease.The child is still contagious once the fever has subsided and after the lesions erupt,and may or may not be contagious any time after 6 days as long as all lesions are crusted over.

Question 8

Strict isolation is required for a child who is hospitalized with (select all that apply):

Accepted Answer

Childhood communicable diseases requiring strict transmission-based precautions (Contact,Airborne,and Droplet Precautions)include diphtheria,chickenpox,measles,mumps,tuberculosis,adenovirus,Haemophilus influenzae type B,mumps,pertussis,plague,streptococcal pharyngitis,and scarlet fever.Strict isolation is not required for parvovirus B19.

Question 9

Which toys should a nurse provide to promote imaginative play for a 3-year-old hospitalized child (select all that apply)?

Accepted Answer

To promote imaginative play for a 3-year-old child,the nurse should provide: dress-up clothes,dolls and dollhouses,housekeeping toys,play-store toys,telephones,farm animals and equipment,village sets,trains,trucks,cars,planes,hand puppets,and medical kits.A 100-piece jigsaw puzzle and a jump rope would be appropriate for a young,school-age child but not a 3-year-old child.

Question 10

The nurse is performing an assessment on a child and notes the presence of Koplik's spots.In which communicable disease are Koplik's spots present?

Accepted Answer

Koplik's spots are small,irregular red spots with a minute,bluish white center found on the buccal mucosa 2 days before systemic rash.Koplik's spots are not present with rubella,varicella,or roseola.

Question 11

In terms of language and cognitive development,a 4-year-old child would be expected to have which traits (select all that apply)?

Accepted Answer

Children ages 3 to 4 years can give and follow simple commands and tell exaggerated stories.Children cannot think abstractly at age 4 years.Conservation of matter is a developmental task of the school-age child.Five-year-old children use sentences with eight words with all parts of speech.

Question 12

Which statement best describes a child who is abused by the parent(s)?

Accepted Answer

A child's temperament,position in the family,additional physical needs,activity level,or degree of sensitivity to parental needs unintentionally contributes to the abusing situation.Socioeconomic status is an environmental characteristic.This child is less likely to be abused than one who is premature,disabled,or very young.The abused child does not in turn abuse his or her siblings.

Question 13

Which statement,made by a 4-year-old child's father,is true about the care of the preschooler's teeth?

Accepted Answer

Toddlers and preschoolers lack the manual dexterity to remove plaque adequately,so parents must assume this responsibility.Deciduous teeth are important because they maintain spacing and play an important role in the growth and development of the jaws and face and in speech development.Secondary teeth erupt at about 6 years of age.If the family does not live in an area where fluoride is included in the water supply,fluoride supplements should be continued.

Question 14

Which is probably the most important criterion on which to base the decision to report suspected child abuse?

Accepted Answer

Conflicting stories about the "accident" are the most indicative red flags of abuse.Inappropriate response of caregiver or child may be present,but is subjective.Parents should be questioned at some point during the investigation.

Question 15

A common characteristic of those who sexually abuse children is that they:

Accepted Answer

Sex offenders may pressure the victim into secrecy,regarding the activity as a "secret between us" that other people may take away if they find out.Abusers are often employed upstanding members of the community.Most sexual abuse is committed by men and persons who are well known to the child.Abuse is often repeated with the same child over time.The relationship may start insidiously without the child realizing that sexual activity is part of the offer.

Quiz 33: The Preschooler and Family

Which is the causative agent of scarlet fever?

Which common childhood communicable disease may cause severe defects in the fetus when it occurs in its congenital form?

Which play patterns does a 3-year-old child typically display (select all that apply) ?

Parents tell the nurse that they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom.Which is the most appropriate recommendation the nurse should make?

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she does not want another blood sample drawn because "I need all my insides,and I don't want anyone taking them out." Which is the nurse's best interpretation of this?

In providing anticipatory guidance to parents whose child will soon be entering kindergarten,which is a critical factor in preparing a child for kindergarten entry?

When is a child with chickenpox considered to be no longer contagious?

Strict isolation is required for a child who is hospitalized with (select all that apply) :

Which toys should a nurse provide to promote imaginative play for a 3-year-old hospitalized child (select all that apply) ?

The nurse is performing an assessment on a child and notes the presence of Koplik's spots.In which communicable disease are Koplik's spots present?

In terms of language and cognitive development,a 4-year-old child would be expected to have which traits (select all that apply) ?

Which statement best describes a child who is abused by the parent(s) ?

Which statement,made by a 4-year-old child's father,is true about the care of the preschooler's teeth?

Which is probably the most important criterion on which to base the decision to report suspected child abuse?

A common characteristic of those who sexually abuse children is that they: