Which of the following is a significant predictor of metabolic disturbances and disease risk?

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The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease recommend a target body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9 regardless of age (NHLBI, 2018). Of the approximately 70% of adults who are overweight (BMI greater than or equal to 25), 36% are obese (BMI greater than or equal to 30), 15% are very obese (BMI greater than or equal to 35), and 6% are extremely obese (BMI greater than or equal to 40) (Flegal, Carroll, Kit, & Ogden, 2012). Several studies have indicated that abdominal obesity, regardless of overall weight, is a significant predictor of metabolic disturbances and disease risk. Even persons with a BMI in the normal range can be at higher risk if they have a large waist circumference. Therefore, waist circumference measurements are recommended as part of a routine physical examination (Dobbelsteyn, Joffres, Mac Lean, & Flowerdew, 2001). A waist circumference of more than 36 to 40 inches in men and more than 32 to 35 inches in women is highly correlated with obesity-related conditions, such as hypertension, sleep apnea, diabetes, and heart disease (Dobbelsteyn et al., 2001; Mosley, Jedlicka, LeQuieu, & Taylor, 2008).

Which of the Following Is a Significant Predictor of Metabolic