Programs offered to individuals who have been incarcerated that have been mandated or designed based on state or federally funded programs and offer little opportunity for choice regarding topic or content often lead to:

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One of the primary purposes of prisons is punishment (Zoukis, 2014). Some justice systems include rehabilitation as a mission of their institutions, although there are minimal opportunities provided to those incarcerated, and of those provided, they are often not client- or occupation-centered. Decisions regarding time allocation and the way in which time is spent are dictated by prison resources. Programs offered to individuals are those that have been mandated or designed based on state or federally funded programs and offer little opportunity for choice regarding topic or content. This leads to occupational deprivation, which has been linked to prison violence, suicides, and psychosis (Molineux & Whiteford, 1999).

Programs Offered to Individuals Who Have Been Incarcerated That Have