Question 1

Prison camps emerged in the South after 1870, and the overwhelming majority of women in these camps were ______.

Accepted Answer

The overwhelming majority of women in prison camps in the South after 1870 were African American. This was a result of the systemic racism and discriminatory laws (such as Black Codes and later Jim Crow laws) that targeted African Americans, leading to their disproportionate incarceration.

Question 2

An 1880 census indicated that in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas, ______ of the 220 imprisoned African American women were leased out.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is 37%. This statistic reflects the practice of convict leasing, where prisoners were leased out to perform labor, which was prevalent in the post-Civil War Southern United States.

Question 3

According to Bloom, Owen, and Covington (2003) of women who are incarcerated, approximately what percent were unemployed at the point of incarceration?

Accepted Answer

According to Bloom, Owen, and Covington (2003), approximately 61% of women who are incarcerated were unemployed at the point of incarceration.

Question 4

Which of the following is not one of the motivating factors that drive female offenders to commit property crimes?

Accepted Answer

Jealousy is not typically listed among the primary motivating factors for female offenders to commit property crimes. The main factors often include poverty, substance abuse (alcohol and drugs), and sometimes the need to support a family or an addiction, rather than emotions such as jealousy.

Question 5

Approximately ______ million minor children have a mother who is under criminal justice supervision.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 1.3 million minor children have a mother who is under criminal justice supervision.

Question 6

A significant aspect of the female coping mechanism inside prisons is their development of ______ environments with the other female prisoners.

Accepted Answer

Female prisoners often develop family-like environments with other female prisoners as a coping mechanism to create a sense of belonging and support within the prison system.

Question 7

Behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

Domestic violence refers to behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other, encompassing physical, emotional, sexual, or psychological abuse.

Question 8

A study on self-reported prior abuse conducted by Harlow (1999) found that ______ of females had experienced abusive treatment, compared to 16.1% of males.

Accepted Answer

Harlow's 1999 study on self-reported prior abuse found that 57.2% of females had experienced abusive treatment, which is significantly higher compared to 16.1% of males. This statistic highlights the gender disparity in experiences of abuse.

Question 9

According to the Women's Prison Association (2003), the percentage of women in state and federal prisons who are infected with HIV/AIDS is 3.6%, which is ______ the national rate of infection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the Women's Prison Association (2003),...

Question 10

Which of the following is not true regarding research on female offenders and drugs?

Accepted Answer

Female offenders are more likely, not less likely, to have experienced childhood sexual victimization compared to their male counterparts. This is a significant factor often contributing to their pathway into offending and substance abuse.

Question 11

Of those women who do commit homicides, the vast majority of these homicides involve the killing of ______.

Accepted Answer

The vast majority of homicides committed by women involve the killing of intimates, such as spouses or romantic partners. This is supported by crime statistics and research on gender differences in violent crime.

Question 12

Female chronic offenders are similar to male chronic offenders in that they are likely to be ______.

Accepted Answer

Female chronic offenders share several characteristics with their male counterparts, including being likely to be a minority group member, single, and a substance abuser. These factors are common among chronic offenders regardless of gender, indicating that the challenges and patterns of behavior contributing to chronic offending are similar across genders.

Question 13

How do female chronic offenders tend to differ from male chronic offenders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do female chronic offenders tend to...

Question 14

According to Brown (2003), when both genders are compared, for what type of offenses are males more likely to be sentenced to prison than for females?

Accepted Answer

Males are more likely to be sentenced to prison than females for violent offenses, reflecting gender disparities in sentencing practices for these types of crimes.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the research on the types of violent offenses that women are most likely to commit?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women are most likely to commit violent offenses against someone they have a close relationship with, such as an acquaintance, spouse, or boyfriend/girlfriend, rather than strangers.

Question 16

What is held as a primary causal factor in predicting female criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Prior victimization, especially through domestic violence, is often considered a primary causal factor in predicting female criminal behavior. This perspective is supported by research indicating that experiences of abuse and trauma can lead to a range of coping mechanisms, some of which may involve illegal activities.

Question 17

While some may scoff at the chivalry hypothesis and with feminist thought on criminality, which of the following is not one of the three key points that is hard to refute?

Accepted Answer

The chivalry hypothesis and feminist thought on criminality acknowledge that while women do commit crimes, they are less likely to commit violent crimes compared to men, except in self-defense or as a result of victimization. However, the statement that women tend to only commit violent crimes against their own children is not accurate and overly simplifies the complex reasons behind why women might commit violent crimes.

Question 18

What is a very common mental illness among the incarcerated and is even more pronounced among the female offending population because this disorder tends to have higher prevalence rates among females in general?

Accepted Answer

Depression is a common mental illness among the incarcerated, with higher prevalence rates among females, reflecting general population trends.

Question 19

Research by Messina and Grella (2006) found that female offenders were more likely to have childhood traumatic events, and that problems in which of the following areas were exponentially higher among women with multiple adverse childhood events?

Accepted Answer

Messina and Grella's research indicated that female offenders with multiple adverse childhood events had exponentially higher problems in all of these areas: health and mental health, substance abuse, and criminal behavior. This comprehensive impact highlights the profound effect of early trauma on various aspects of life.

Question 20

According to a study by James and Glaze (2006) that examined mental health issues among inmates in prisons and jails throughout the United States, an estimated ______ of females in state prisons, compared to 22% of male inmates, had a recent history of mental health problems.

Accepted Answer

According to the study by James and Glaze (2006), an estimated 48% of females in state prisons had a recent history of mental health problems, compared to 22% of male inmates, highlighting a significant gender disparity in mental health issues among incarcerated populations.

Quiz 8: Female Offenders in Correctional Systems