The closed-circuit spirometer provides an ideal way to assess total energy expenditure of groups over prolonged time periods, including bed rest and during extreme activities like climbing.

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A closed-circuit spirometer is primarily used to measure lung volumes and capacities, such as tidal volume and vital capacity, rather than total energy expenditure. Total energy expenditure is more accurately assessed through methods like the doubly labeled water technique or indirect calorimetry, which measure metabolic rate.

The Closed-Circuit Spirometer Provides an Ideal Way to Assess Total