In the Southern States During Reconstruction, Advances in African Americans

In the southern states during Reconstruction, advances in African Americans' access to formal schooling came largely from

A) church groups, missionaries, and humanitarian reformers who brought to the former slaves a desire for education.
B) efforts of the North to bring the South into compliance with the new U.S. educational policies.
C) an extension of the educational efforts Blacks themselves developed during slavery.
D) All of these answers are correct.