The free market, or neoclassical, theory of corporate social responsibility relies on utilitarianism and the concepts of individual rights to freedom and property for its ethical justification.

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The free market or neoclassical theory of corporate social responsibility (CSR) indeed draws on utilitarian principles and the concepts of individual rights, including freedom and property. This perspective argues that the primary responsibility of corporations is to their shareholders, and that ethical obligations are met by maximizing shareholder value within the bounds of the law and basic ethical norms. This approach relies on the belief that a free market, guided by the invisible hand and individual self-interest, will lead to the most efficient and beneficial outcomes for society.

The Free Market, or Neoclassical, Theory of Corporate Social Responsibility