Question 1

Guido is unaware of all the negative stereotypes he sees of African Americans on television.Because of this exposure,he is more likely to feel anxiety or fear toward someone who is African American if he is in a setting in which he is unfamiliar or already uncomfortable.This learned prejudice is a form of ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Guido is unaware of all the negative...

Question 2

Mavis believes that the girls from the nice neighborhood on the north side of town are all stuck-up and white.She has noticed a correlation between this group of girls and how they act above other people at the mall.Mavis's example of stereotypes and prejudice support the ____ theory.

Accepted Answer

Mavis's example aligns with the cognitive theory, which proposes that stereotypes and prejudice develop due to cognitive processes such as categorization and schema formation. Mavis has formed a negative schema or mental image about the girls from the north side of town, which is influencing her perception of their behavior at the mall. The other theories listed (motivational, learning, dispositional) do not fully capture Mavis's example.

Question 3

John's new job requires him to work with newcomers for the first time.He believes,because of what he's learned from others,that newcomers are sloppy,disrespectful,and unintelligent.According to the contact hypothesis,____.

Accepted Answer

The contact hypothesis suggests that prejudice can be reduced through equal-status contact between members of different groups. Therefore, as John interacts more with newcomers on an equal level, his prejudice towards them should decrease.

Question 4

Adam is teaching a new class with a diverse collection of students.To reduce potential prejudice in the classroom,he attempts to get the students working together in groups.If negative attitudes toward different categories of students within the classroom decrease,this approach would be support for the ____ hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The contact hypothesis suggests that increasing contact between members of different groups can reduce prejudice and negative attitudes towards those groups. By getting the students to work together in groups, Adam is attempting to increase contact between students from different categories and decrease prejudice.

Question 5

The three components of Sternberg's triangular theory of love are ____.

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's triangular theory of love includes three components: passion, intimacy, and commitment. These three components interact with each other to create different types of love, such as romantic love (intimacy + passion), companionate love (intimacy + commitment), and consummate love (all three components). Choice A is not accurate, as support and cohesiveness are not part of the theory. Choice C is incorrect because affection is too generic and does not accurately encompass the idea of intimacy in the theory. Choice D is incorrect as it includes companionship and infatuation, which are not part of the theory.

Question 6

While looking through a pile of applications,Rosa decided to interview only the applicants who had a college degree,even though the job did not require one.Rosa is demonstrating her ____ attitude toward college graduates,and her refusal to read the noncollege graduate applications could be considered ____.

Accepted Answer

Rosa's decision to only interview applicants with a college degree, despite it not being a requirement for the job, shows a prejudicial attitude because she is making a judgment without considering individual merits. Her action of not even reading applications from non-college graduates is discriminatory because it unfairly excludes a group based on a particular characteristic (in this case, not having a college degree).

Question 7

Roderick wants to double-date with his best friend,Ted,and Ted's girlfriend.The problem is that Roderick's date,Jennifer,doesn't like Ted.This example points out the importance of ____ when it comes to mutual acquaintances,which is a good predictor of liking and attraction.

Accepted Answer

This example highlights the importance of similarity in attitudes. If Roderick's date, Jennifer, does not like Ted, it is likely because they do not share similar attitudes or have had negative interactions that have colored their opinion of each other. When there is a lack of similarity in attitudes, it can lead to disagreement and conflict, which can harm the relationships between mutual acquaintances. Therefore, similarity in attitudes is a good predictor of liking and attraction.

Question 8

When Julia and Lyle were dating,their friends thought to themselves,"It will never last.Although he's not bad looking,she is much too beautiful for him." Their friends' statement suggests that Julia and Lyle's relationship violated the ____.

Accepted Answer

The matching hypothesis proposes that people tend to form romantic relationships with others who are similar in physical attractiveness. Julia and Lyle's friends believed that Julia was "much too beautiful" for Lyle, suggesting that their physical attractiveness levels did not match. Therefore, their relationship violated the matching hypothesis.

Question 9

According to Dr.Seuss,the Star-Belly Sneetches only want to identify with other Star-Belly Sneetches.They consider themselves as being different from Plain-Belly Sneetches and do not identify with them.What principle of prejudice theory is Dr.Seuss illustrating?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Seuss is illustrating the principle of social categories, where individuals categorize individuals into groups based on perceived similarities and differences. The Star-Belly Sneetches and Plain-Belly Sneetches represent distinct social categories based on their physical appearance.

Question 10

An example of an illusory correlation would be ____.

Accepted Answer

An illusory correlation is an incorrect perception of a relationship between two variables. In this case, seeing a group of rowdy Chinese teens and assuming their behavior is typical of all Chinese people is an example of an illusory correlation between ethnicity and behavior.

Question 11

If everything else is equal,which factor would least affect how attracted you are to someone?

Accepted Answer

The clothing someone wears is generally a superficial factor and is less likely to affect long-term attraction compared to shared interests or frequent interactions.

Question 12

The ____ theories of stereotyping predict that children who attend diversely-populated schools and who watch television programs like Sesame Street (which are sensitive to ethnic diversity)will have fewer negative ethnic stereotypes.

Accepted Answer

Learning theories of stereotyping suggest that stereotypes are learned behaviors, which can be influenced by environmental factors such as diverse social interactions and media exposure. Children attending diversely-populated schools or watching programs that emphasize ethnic diversity, like Sesame Street, are exposed to a variety of perspectives that can reduce the formation of negative ethnic stereotypes.

Question 13

To help her class learn the state capitals and to reduce prejudice,an elementary school teacher divides the class into several ethnically diverse groups.She then gives each group member a different set of ten states and their capitals.After each student learns the ten capitals,she must teach them to the other members of the group.This is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of the jigsaw technique, which is a cooperative learning strategy designed to reduce prejudice and promote positive interdependence among students from different backgrounds. In this technique, students are divided into diverse groups and given a specific task to complete together, with each student responsible for a specific piece of information that must be shared with the group. By working together and sharing information, students learn from each other and develop a greater understanding and appreciation of each other's backgrounds and experiences.

Question 14

Elvia and Britton are four years old and attend preschool together.Elvia is Latina and Britton is African American.Contact theory would predict Elvia and Britton to be less prejudiced under which of the following conditions? If their teacher ____.

Accepted Answer

Contact theory predicts that prejudice can be reduced through positive interactions with members of other groups. Structuring lots of activities in which Elvia and Britton must work together would provide ample opportunities for them to interact positively and form cross-group friendships, thereby reducing prejudice between them. Options A and B may not necessarily involve direct interactions between the two children, whereas Option D assumes that mere participation in an integrated environment is enough to reduce prejudice, which is not always the case.

Question 15

While driving through a different section of town,Zebulon,who is from the Alpha ethnic group,saw a group of boys from the Beta ethnic group whistling and catcalling at an attractive female.Zebulon assumes that most,if not all,people from the Beta ethnic group share this "rude" behavior.This is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of illusory correlation, which refers to the perception of a relationship between two variables when none exists or is weaker than assumed. Zebulon is assuming that all people from the Beta ethnic group engage in this behavior based on a small group's actions.

Question 16

Marcia is in charge of hiring a new engineer for her company.Because she believes that people who wear pink bows in their hair are dumb,she does not hire Becky,who is wearing a pink bow.Marcia's hiring decision about Becky is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

Marcia's decision is an example of social discrimination because she is making a judgment about Becky based on her appearance, rather than on her qualifications.

Question 17

Successful intimate relationships are dependent on several key characteristics.One such factor is the extent to which each person feels psychologically attached to the relationship and wants to remain in it.This factor is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Commitment refers to the extent to which a person feels dedicated to and invested in a relationship. This sense of dedication helps to maintain the relationship over time, even during difficult periods. Altruism refers to selfless concern for others, passion refers to intense feelings of attraction, and interdependence refers to the extent to which partners rely on each other for support and resources. While these factors are also important in intimate relationships, they are not specifically related to the desire to remain in the relationship.

Question 18

Because Karen and Reliford are both affected simultaneously by events in each other's lives,they are ____.

Accepted Answer

Interdependence refers to a mutual relationship in which two or more individuals or groups are mutually dependent on one another for resources, support or outcomes. The situation described in the question indicates that Karen and Reliford are affected by each other's lives simultaneously, which implies interdependence.

Question 19

Frank often uses racial slurs and otherwise denigrates members of different ethnic groups because doing so makes him feel better about himself.This example illustrates a(n)____ theory of prejudice.

Accepted Answer

This theory suggests that prejudice arises from people's need to feel superior to others and to protect or promote their self-esteem. Frank's use of racial slurs and denigration of members of different ethnic groups is motivated by his desire to feel better about himself.

Question 20

Two alien species meet for the first time.Their governments set up a program in an attempt to prevent prejudice and racism.Based on the contact hypothesis,they decide that participants in the new program will be of equal socioeconomic status.In addition,teams consisting of members of both species will have to solve problems that require cooperation.To make the program a success,the government leaders should also ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two alien species meet for the first...

Quiz 16: Social Psychology