Chronic anxiety and stress contribute to ulcers. Which of the following effects of the sympathetic nervous system is most responsible for this effect?
A) Inhibition of the actions of Brunner glands
B) Overstimulation of the oxyntic glands
C) Suppression of cholecystokinin
D) Inflammation of the parotid glands

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Brunner glands, which produce large amounts of alkaline mucus that protects the duodenum from acid and digestive enzymes, are strongly affected by sympathetic stimulation, which causes a marked decrease in mucus production. Where the stomach contents and secretions from the liver and pancreas enter the duodenum, deficiency of mucus can cause irritation and, potentially, ulcers. Overstimulation of the oxyntic glands is not produced by the SNS. The hormone cholecystokinin, which is thought in part to control gastric emptying, is released in response to the pH, osmolality, and fatty acid composition of the chyme. The two largest salivary glands are called parotid glands.One is located in each cheek over the jaw in front of the ears. Inflammation of one or more of these glands is called parotitis.

Chronic Anxiety and Stress Contribute to Ulcers