The protection of an individual from a disease-causing microorganism by the injection of a foreign antigen into his or her body is called:

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Immunization (also known as "vaccination" because the first use of the technique provided immunity against the vaccinia virus) is the injection of a foreign antigen (or an immune globulin created to bind that antigen) into a person to provide that person with protection against disease. Herd immunity is the immunity of a community, most of whose members have already been exposed to an antigen, either from prior illness or vaccination. Natural immunity is the immunity of an organism against specific antigens even without prior exposure (e.g., dogs are naturally immune against measles). Immunosuppression is the shutting off of the immune response of an organism, making it more susceptible to infection. Some viruses, like HIV, suppress the immune system. Immunity can also be suppressed by drugs (such as drugs used in cancer chemotherapy), by radioactive destruction of the bone marrow, by toxins (alcoholism), or by diseases that impact critical internal organs (the liver, kidneys, spleen, etc.).

The Protection of an Individual from a Disease-Causing Microorganism by the Injection