Parenteral medications that lower blood pressure rapidly include all of the following, EXCEPT:

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All of the medications listed in this question can lower blood pressure rapidly, but nifedipine is an oral medication, not a parenteral drug. Nifedipine has on occasion been administered sublingually to lower blood pressure rapidly, but this usage is generally discouraged, because the antihypertensive effects of the drug may cause drastic blood pressure lowering that sometimes causes heart attack or stroke. Labetalol is an intravenous medication used to lower blood pressure urgently. It has both alpha- and beta-blocking effects and is especially useful in patients who are suspected of having pheochromocytoma, an adrenal tumor that secretes catecholamines that may cause hypertension. Nitroglycerin and nitroprusside are intravenous medications used to lower blood pressure, especially in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease.

Parenteral Medications That Lower Blood Pressure Rapidly Include All of the Following