A Young Woman Who Is Pregnant with a Fetus Exposed

A young woman who is pregnant with a fetus exposed to multiple teratogens consents to have her fetus undergo serial PUBS (percutaneous umbilical blood sampling) to examine how exposure affects the fetus over time.Although these tests will not improve the fetus' outcomes and will expose it to some risks,the information gathered may help infants in the future.Which ethical principle is at greatest risk?

A) Autonomy
B) Fidelity
C) Nonmaleficence
D) Beneficence